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Name | Aliases | Description |
---|---|---|
BOOLEAN |
BOOL |
logical boolean (true /false ) |
The BOOLEAN
type represents a statement of truth (“true” or “false”). In SQL, the BOOLEAN
field can also have a third state “unknown” which is represented by the SQL NULL
value.
Select the three possible values of a BOOLEAN
column:
SELECT true, false, NULL::BOOLEAN;
Boolean values can be explicitly created using the literals true
and false
. However, they are most often created as a result of comparisons or conjunctions. For example, the comparison i > 10
results in a boolean value. Boolean values can be used in the WHERE
and HAVING
clauses of a SQL statement to filter out tuples from the result. In this case, tuples for which the predicate evaluates to true
will pass the filter, and tuples for which the predicate evaluates to false
or NULL
will be filtered out. Consider the following example:
Create a table with the values 5, 15 and NULL
:
CREATE TABLE integers (i INTEGER);
INSERT INTO integers VALUES (5), (15), (NULL);
Select all entries where i > 10
:
SELECT * FROM integers WHERE i > 10;
In this case 5 and NULL
are filtered out (5 > 10
is false
and NULL > 10
is NULL
):
i |
---|
15 |
Conjunctions
The AND
/OR
conjunctions can be used to combine boolean values.
Below is the truth table for the AND
conjunction (i.e., x AND y
).
X | X AND true | X AND false | X AND NULL |
---|---|---|---|
true | true | false | NULL |
false | false | false | false |
NULL | NULL | false | NULL |
Below is the truth table for the OR
conjunction (i.e., x OR y
).
X | X OR true | X OR false | X OR NULL |
---|---|---|---|
true | true | true | true |
false | true | false | NULL |
NULL | true | NULL | NULL |
Expressions
See Logical Operators and Comparison Operators.