Boolean Type

The BOOLEAN type represents a statement of truth (“true” or “false”). In SQL, the BOOLEAN field can also have a third state “unknown” which is represented by the SQL NULL value.

Select the three possible values of a BOOLEAN column:

SELECT true, false, NULL::BOOLEAN;

Boolean values can be explicitly created using the literals true and false. However, they are most often created as a result of comparisons or conjunctions. For example, the comparison i > 10 results in a Boolean value. Boolean values can be used in the WHERE and HAVING clauses of a SQL statement to filter out tuples from the result. In this case, tuples for which the predicate evaluates to true will pass the filter, and tuples for which the predicate evaluates to false or NULL will be filtered out. Consider the following example:

Create a table with the values 5, 15 and NULL:

CREATE TABLE integers (i INTEGER);
INSERT INTO integers VALUES (5), (15), (NULL);

Select all entries where i > 10:

SELECT * FROM integers WHERE i > 10;

In this case 5 and NULL are filtered out (5 > 10 is false and NULL > 10 is NULL):

i
15

Conjunctions

The AND/OR conjunctions can be used to combine Boolean values.

Below is the truth table for the AND conjunction (i.e., x AND y).

X	X AND true	X AND false	X AND NULL
true	true	false	NULL
false	false	false	false
NULL	NULL	false	NULL

Below is the truth table for the OR conjunction (i.e., x OR y).

X	X OR true	X OR false	X OR NULL
true	true	true	true
false	true	false	NULL
NULL	true	NULL	NULL

Expressions

See Logical Operators and Comparison Operators.

Conjunctions

Expressions

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